Lukleo Lesson 6

Un article de Lukleo.

  1. LUKLEO
  2. Concise Grammar
  3. Detailed Grammar



Sommaire

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To Discover


Taymo The Time
Yaro Year
Springo Spring Estivo Summer Otono Autumn Wintro Winter
Monsoy Month
Marto March Aprilo April Mayo May Junyo June Julio July Agosto August Setembro September Oktobro October Nowembro November Disembro Décember Jenero January Febrero February
Wiko Week Finwiko Week end
Lundo Monday Mardo Tuesday Merkredo Wednesday Jowdo Thursday Vendredo Friday Sabado Saturday Sundo Sunday
Tagnokto Day (of 24H)
Istag / Yesterday Astag / Today Ostag / Tomorrow
tagijo daybreak tago day Tagmezo Midday Postagmezo Afternoon Vespero Evening Nokto Night Noktomezo Midnight
Oro Hour Minuto Minute Sekundo Second
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THE CORRELATIVES


  1. To the previous lesson, you have learned to ask some questions with beginning words by W-.
  2. Those are correlative that are formed combining a beginning and an ending.
  3. There are 5 beginnings and 9 endings that, receivers in several ways, allow forming 45 words.
  4. The exact meaning of a correlative one is the concept formed by the combination of the meanings of the word of the beginning and of the word of the end. There is not an exact correspondence with the English inevitably always.
    • The correlatives in -U are often used as pronouns.
    • The correlatives in -OM are often follow-ups of the preposition DA.
    • The correlatives in W- serve to form questioning sentences (who ?, where ?, when ?, how ?, etc...) et and relative suggestions.


The Correlatives
First entry Second entry
W -> what one, or person -> U
SOM -> some one's, person's -> UZ
TI -> that thing -> O
TOT -> every quantity (amount) -> OM
NENI -> no manner, in ... way -> I
reason, for ... reason -> AY
kind of, sort of -> E
time -> AN
place -> ER


Board of the Correlatives
U UZ O OM I AY E AN ER
W WU WUZ WO WOM WI WAY WE WAN WER
SOM SOMU SOMUZ SOMO SOMOM SOMI SOMAY SOME SOMAN SOMER
TI TIU TIUZ TIO TIOM TII TIAY TIE TIAN TIER
TOT TOTU TOTUZ TOTO TOTOM TOTI TOTAY TOTE TOTAN TOTER
NENI NENIU NENIUZ NENIO NENIOM NENII NENIAY NENIE NENIAN NENIER


  • Some explanations
    1. wu and wo are put if necessary to the accusative and become: wun and won.
    2. wer is put if necessary to the accusative to indicate the direction and becomes wern.
    3. wu, tiu and totu are put if necessary to the plural and become: wuy, tiuy and totuy.
    4. There is not problem to remember these five next words, is it? : Wu?, Wuz? Way? Wer? Wan?
    5. It|He will not be either hard to remember these three last words, because:
      1. The wo? waits a reply finishing by o, A thing, as a noun: dogo.
      2. The we? waits a reply finishing by e, A quality, as an adjective: bele.
      3. The wi? waits a reply finishing by i, A manner, as an adverb: spidi.
    6. The more "complicated", if it is, it's: Wom? = How Much? Wom da...? = How Many...?


Translation of the correlatives
WU which one, who SOMU somebody TIU that person TOTU each, everyone NENIU nobody
WUZ whose SOMUZ someone's TIUZ that one's TOTUZ everyone's NENIUZ no one's
WO what, what thing SOMO something, anything TIO that, that thing TOTO everything, all things NENIO nothing
WOM how much, how many SOMOM some TIOM so much, as many TOTOM the whole quantity, all of it NENIOM not a bit, none
WI how, in what way SOMI somehow, in some way TII that way, thus, like that, so TOTI in every way NENII in no way
WAY why SOMAY for some reason TIAY for that reason TOTAY for every reason NENIAY for no reason
WE what kind of, what (a) SOME some kind of, any kind of TIE that kind of, such a TOTE every kind of, all kinds of NENIE no kind of
WAN when, at what time SOMAN sometime, anytime, ever TIAN then, at that time TOTAN always, at all times NENIAN never, at no time, not ever
WER where, in what place SOMER somewhere, anywhere, in some place TIER there, in that place TOTER everywhere, in every place NENIER nowhere, in no place



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Some Words


al at, to astag today antaw before, in front of antawi beforehand blonde fair dormare to sleep
lojare to dwell eksavare to find out ekare to begin tiu this filyo son, daughter ijare to become, to get
interesare to interest internacie international istag yesterday kawzo cause komprenare to understand kun with
lango language lernare to learn librare to free librijare to free oneself deze opposite mono money
multe a lot of, much naskare give birth to naskijare to born naskijtago birthday okazare to occur, to happen homo human being, person
ostag tomorrow pasejare to go for a walk pelo hair pos after, behind raydare to ride savare to know
skribare to write skribolo pen starare to stand tago day titxare to teach venare to come
veikare to travel veino neighbor veri really vinxare to defeat dezvinxare to lose vizitare to attend, to visit
warme warm dezwarme cold wedu husband buskare to search yaro year yen behold, there


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Some affixes


  1. -atx-, gives a sense "bad" to the root.
  2. -ek-, gives a sense "(suddenly) begin" to the root.
  3. -ec-, gives a sense "quality as an abstract idea" to the root.
  4. -iny-, gives a sense "familiar form" to the root.


atxe awful, rotten atxige pejorative lango language langatxo gibberish
ekare to begin ek! let's go! bruligare to burn ekbruligare to inflame
eco quality ece qualitative ecaro character boneco kindness
warmeco heat profesoreco professorship silko silk silkece silky
Joanu John Joaninyu Johnny Joana Jane Joaninya Janet


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Exercises


Put the endings and the correlative ones
_ est_ ti_? What is it? _ v_ kompren_? Did you understand ?
_ ver_? Really? _ okaz_ est_? When has it happened?
_ il_ parol_ ? How does he speak? _ v_ busk_? What do you look for?
_ est_ ti_ skrib_? Whose is this pen? _ interes_ v_? What interests you?
_ pasej_ _ v_? Who has gone for a walk with you? _ v_ ne ven_ al mi? Why don't you have come to see me?
_ vi dorm_ astag? How have you slept today? _ hom_ il_ est_? What kind of person he is?
_ awto est_ vi_? What car is yours? _ estas vi_ naskijtago? When is your birthday?
_ vi loj_? Where do you live? _ da om_ est_ en vi_ grupo? How many people are in your group?
_ eli busk_? What does she look for? _ busk_ krayon_ blu_? Who looked for a blue pencil?
_ krayon_ il_ busk_? What kind of pencil does he look for? _ est_ il_ naskijtago? When his birthday will be?
_ naskijtago est_ ostag? Tomorrow, it will be the birthday to whom? _ est_ astag? What is today?
_ naskijtago est_ istag? Yesterday, it was the birthday to whom? _ lern_ lang_ internaci_? Why to learn an international language?
Yen staras ti_ homu, w_ vizitis m_ istag. This is the man who has visited to me yesterday. Neni_ eksavos ti_, w_ okazis. Nobody will find out what has happened.
Vi estas tut_ ti_, w_ vi estis antaw multe yaro. You are entirely such than you were a lot of years ago. En zi urbo estis ti_ da homo, w_ mi stil neni_ vidis. In the city there were more people than I had still never seen some.
Zi hom_, w_ kabeloy estas blond_, estas eli_ wed_. The man whose hair is fair is her husband. Eli venos ti_, w_ eli liberijos. She will come when she will free.
Ili ne volas loj_ ti_, w_ estas tro dezwarm_. Hedoes not want to live there where it is too much cold. Mi ne volas farare ti_, w_ ne interesas min. I do not want to do what is not interesting for me.
Far_ ti_ ti_, w_ vi faris antaw_. Do it in the same way that beforehand. Ili pidis de mi ti_ da mono, w_ mi ne avis. He has asked me for money that I did not have.
Zi kawzo, w_ ili dezvinxis, estis ti_, ke ili dezmulti sportis. The reason for which he has lost is that he took himself little. Ti_ homa, w_ staras pos mi, estas mi_ vein_. This woman, who is behind me, is my neighbor.
Tot_ okazis en ti_ taymo, w_ ili stil ne lojis txi ti_. Everything has happened at this time, that he did not live here yet. Ti_ homu, w_ vi estas fily_, estas vi_ patr_. This man, whose son you are, is your father.


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The words of every day


Continuation...

  • Journeys = Viatjoy
  • Where is ...? = Wer estas ...?
  • What is the price of the ticket? = Wom kostas zi tiketo?
  • A ticket|bill to go..., please. = Tiketo por andare ..., bonvoles.
  • Where do you live? = Wer vi lojas?
  • From where are you? = De wer vi estas?
  • Where do you go? = Wern vi andas?
  • the train = zi treno
  • a bus = buso
  • the subway = zi subtreno
  • an airport = luftpordo
  • the train station = trenstacio
  • the bus station = busstacio
  • the subway station = substacio
  • the departure = forando
  • an arrival = alveno
  • agency of car hire = awtrenteyo
  • the passport = zi paspordo
  • the parking = parkado
  • a Hotel = hotelo
  • restaurant = restoracio
  • menu = menuo
  • Do you have free bedrooms tonight? = Txu vi avas rumoy dezplene pro tiu nokto?
  • complete = komplete
  • the reservation = zi rezervado
  • He came two months ago. = Ili venis antaw du monso.
  • I will visit to him in some weeks. = Mi vizitos ilin pos kelke wiko.
  • What do you want? = Won vi deziras?


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What you know


  1. Being situated in the time.
  2. The 45 correlatives.





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