Lukleo Lesson 7

Un article de Lukleo.

  1. LUKLEO
  2. Concise Grammar
  3. Detailed Grammar



Sommaire

[modifier]

To Discover


Zi domo The house
doro door xlosolo key panyo lock enando entry
windo window kurtino curtain windkovrolo shutter windvitro pane
rufo roof tewlo tile plafono ceiling lampo gulp
planko floor tapiso carpet muro wall pikso picture
rumo room dormrumo bedroom manjrumo dining room balnrumo bathroom
xranko cupboard lito bed tawlo table balnio bathtub
rumego hall dormeyo dormitory manjeyo canteen balneyo the baths
setjo chair kukeyo kitchen netseseyo toilet rumaro apartment
braksetjo armchair skribtawlo desk xelfo shelf kloko clock


[modifier]

The hour


  • Wome horo estas? What time is it?
  1. Estas zi due ! It's two o'clock ! (14HOO)
  2. Estas zi kwarono de due ! It's a quarter to two ! (13H45)
  3. Estas zi du kwarono de due ! It's half past one! (13H30)
  4. Estas zi tri kwarono de due ! It's a quarter past one! (13H15)
    • We also say, to simplify:
  5. Estas zi due !
  6. Estas kwa' de due !
  7. Estas dukwa' de due !
  8. Estas trikwa' de due !
    • For the other hours, we say:
  9. Estas zi diskware ! It's fourteen ! (14HOO)
  10. Estas zi dissete kintdis-sis ! It's seventeen fifty six! (17H56)
  • Wom da taymo tio duros? How much time that will last?
  • Rund zi nowe. Ye zi okte. Around nine o'clock. At eight o'clock.
  • Inter zi kware kay zi kinte. Between four and five hours.
  • Meznokto kay duono. Half past midnight.
  • Estas meztago. It's midday.
  • Duonhoro. A half-hour.
  • Eli matinmanjas ye zi sete. She takes her breakfast at seven o'clock.
  • Ye zi wome horo vi ekas workare? At what time do you start working on?
  • Mi matinas pro andare al zi lerneyo. I get up early to go to the school.
  • Kosis matinas posmeztage! Cossis raises early the afternoon!


[modifier]

Shades in Conjugation (little used)


  1. We know the 5 tenses most used in Fremdo, with their ending -as, -es, -is, -os et -us.
    • If you need to shade the tenses, there are 4 small words that will help you:
    • Attention of the affixes used as prefix or as suffixes do not have the same meaning.
      1. EK used as a suffix + IS = The Preterit :
        • mi vidis = I have seen ; mi videkis = I saw.
        • EK used as a prefix = the beginning of an action, a sudden and momentary action:
        • eli kantis = she has sung; eli ekkantis = she starts to sing.
        • vu vidis = you have seen; vu ekvidis = you have noticed.
        • EK used as prefix and suffix, vu ekvidekis = you had noticed.
      2. AD used as a suffix + IS = the Imperfect :
        • vi manjis = you have eaten ; vi manjadis = you ate.
      3. JUS used = the Close Past :
        • nu lernis = we have learned ; nu jus lernis = we have just learned.
      4. TUY used = the Close Future :
        • elu venos = they will come ; elu tuy venos = they are going to come.
  2. Later, we will see other shades of conjugation.
  3. Do not forget that these tense are little used in Fremdo, but they exist to help you.


[modifier]

Some Words


lesti at least amike friendly amiko friend apen barely blue blue base low
dirare to say, to tell dogo dog domo house filyu son filya daughter facile easy
forko pitchfork ete tiny forketo fork ja already jus just now kato cat
ke that kelke some konexare to be acquainted with kun with longe long onklu uncle
grande large, great, big dezo the opposite dezgrande small, little naw now ne no, not osto bone
mono money io container monio purse plu more presk nearly patru father
savare to know stil still, yet parolare to speak adi continually parolado speech tre very
tro too much tuy immediately urbo city, town veino neighbor ya indeed yen there


[modifier]

Some affixes


  1. -abl-, gives the sense of "possibilité passive" to the root.
  2. -iv-, gives the sense of "active possibility" to the root.
  3. -em-, mark the "inclination" in relation to the root.
  4. -end-, gives the sense of "passive obligation" to the root.
  5. -ind-, gives the sense of "worthy of" in relation to the root.


able possible abli maybe ablas it is possible ablo possibility
manjable edible komprenable comprehensible nesuspektable unsuspected sentable perceptible
eme al tendency to emo propensity komprenare to understand kompreneme comprehensive
endas it must be done pagende to pay farare to do farende to fulfill
indo worth dezinde unworthy suspekto suspicion suspektinde suspect
pago payment pagive solvent sento feeling sentive sensitive


[modifier]

Exercises


Put the words : de, elie, ilie, lue, mie, nue, somuz, vie, wuz and the endings
Zi dogo _ Joanu. The dog of John. _ dogo. The dog of somebody.
_ dogo. My dog. Zi osto _ _ dogo. The bone of your dog.
_ kato esas blu_. Her cat is blue. Zi urbo _ _ patr_ esas dezgrand_. The city of my father is small.
_ esas est_ forketo? Whose is this fork? Txu ti savis, ke _ domo esis soman zi domo _ _ onkl_? Did you know that their house was in the past the house of our uncle?
Zi filyu _ _ veina esas amiku _ _ filya. The son of his neighbor is a friend of her daughter. Mi lernis fatsili zi langon _ _ amiku. I have learned the language of my friend easily.
Mi trovis _ monion. I have found the purse of somebody. _ dogo esas tre amike. Their dog is very friendly.


Put the words : apen, ja, jus, lesti, naw, plu, presk, stil, tre, tro, tuy, ya and yen
Ili diris _ kelke wordon. He has said still some words. Mi _ diris al eli, ke mi _ ne povas venare. I have already told her that I can not come now.
Lu ne volas _ lernare eston. They do not want to learn that anymore. Eli _ konexas lin. She hardly knows him.
Lu _ parolis pri esto. They have just talked about it. Ili _ venos. He is going to come immediately.
Txu ti _ provis farare eston? Have you at least tried to do it? Eli _ toten esis kun ili. She was nearly all the time with him.
Zi doro esis _ base. The door was too low. _ esas vie pomo. This is your apple.
Vi _ savas, ke ili ne esas ester ! You know indeed that he is not there ! Nue parolado esis _ longe. Our speech was very long.


[modifier]

The words of every day


  • a direction = orientado
  • on the left = dezdreti
  • on the right = dreti
  • to the left = dezdretin
  • to the right = dretin
  • straight ahead = rekti
  • above = supri
  • below = infri
  • upwards = suprin
  • to the bottom = infrin
  • far = fore
  • close = dezfore
  • long = longe
  • short = dezlonge
  • map = mapo
  • touristic information = turisme oficeyo
  • How you think of that? Nothing! = Won vi pensas pri tio? Nenion!
  • It looks beautiful today. = Astag, estas bele tempo.
  • What must we do ? = Won nu devas fares?
  • It looks warm, here! = Estas warmi, txi tier!
  • Oh! yes! = Oh! yes!


[modifier]

What you know


  1. Be located in the house
  2. Say the hour.
  3. Conjugating the verbs with more shades.




Récupérée de « http://www.lukleo.net/index.php/Lukleo_Lesson_7 »